Judge Philosophies
Allison Jones - Noctrl
Amanda Pettigrew - MVCC
I have been teaching public speaking for over ten years and involved in speech and debate for over 20 years. Debate is persuasion in action allowing students to use the basic principles of argumentation to sway the audience's point of view.
IPDA: This form of debate should sound more like stimulating conversation, allowing someone with no debate experience to evaluate the effectiveness of each student's message. So, avoid debate terminology, jargon, etc., however DO properly cite your sources, there must be evidence to support your point of view.
Ultimately I will judge using Aristotle's means of persuasion; logos, ethos and pathos. My judging criteria in order of importance; LOGIC (evidence & reasoning), ORGANIZATION, CONNECTION with AUDIENCE and DELIVERY.
Please ask for clarification on anything at the start of the round, thank you and good luck!
Amy Hileman - NOVA
For IPDA debate I do not want a jargon-filled round where students attempt to speak so quickly that the competition and judge won't notice the flaws in their logic. I do not believe that IPDA should look/sound like other types of debate. Give me the politeness/ettiquete at the start of the constructives. Focus on the quality of your argument vs speed. If I put my pen down when you are speaking, you are speaking too quickly. I am looking for sound arguments with clear structure and supporting research.
Andrew Kirk - SRC
n/a
Bill Lucio - HCC
n/a
Bonnie Gabel - McHenry
Don't be technical, be structured, and ask questions that challenge. I expect the debate to have civil discourse but passionate convictions can be present. Using jargon will count against you, using language creatively (analogies/metaphors) will count in your favor.
Brandon Wood - COD
Did you persuade me with complete arguments? Did you make this seem like a general audience could follow and enjoy? Did you treat your opponent with respect? Did you speak passionately and compellingly? Did you not talk about the value of education? If you answer yes to all of these then you have mastered my criteria.
It is highly, highly appreciated if opponents greet each other by first or last names and I will only mark refutation on my flow if a specific name is attached to it during the constructive. Personally, I don't respond well to rhetorically being told what I have to do as a judge. This likely isn't an LD round where I'm not being shown a document of cut research that compels me have to vote for someone because of decades of debate theory. Whether it's parli or IPDA you should avoid words like, "you must", "you should strike this", "you have to vote for our side because we did this/they didn't do this", or "here is why we won". Every time I deduct 3 speaker points and will likely be unable to pay attention for approximately 30 seconds of your speech because I will be writing what I've already written here, and therefore, will not be flowing. Don't meet competitor hostility with hostility unless you want to assure a hostile ballot.
For me, arguing that something is or is not"educational" and therefore must be rejected is ultimately a weird form of hyperbole that has infected debate. Experiencing something that is unfair, like circular arguments or bad definitions, is educational. This activity makes it almost impossible to not engage in an educational experience, in the worldly sense. While I won't buy the education-has-been-removed-from-this-debate-round argument, I absolutely will accept issues regarding abusive definitions, incomplete argumentation, denial of ground, moving goal posts etc...
FAQ: Speed? = me not flowing. Jargon? = To me it creates assumed enthymemes and sloppy debate (usually). Technical elements? = will accept them as needed (in Parli). Partner communication during constructives? = Really, really dislike it now that flex time exists because it just decimates your percieved credibility in my eyes ( your ethos is the unspoken contract to accepting information at face value). Role of the judge? = Parli- Tabula Rasa , except when it comes to trichotomy. Lingusitically, resolutions come with burdens that most often are objectively implied ("should" is policy for example) as policy, value, or fact. I flow the entirety of the constructives and dropped arguments are a big deal. IPDA - I am a general audience member and enter each round with my complete knowledge as a human. I approach the resolution with an open mind and a desire to be persuaded but factual errors, fallacious argumentation, and hostile debate styles will not be flowed. I take notes that summarize the debates progress rather than the technical flow I would use for Parli/LD/CEDA.
Brian Cafarelli - Parkland
n/a
Brianne Giese - Aurora
n/a
Brigette Mora - IIT
Overall,K's and T's pushes me to intervene in the debate. So please don't put me into that situation unless NEEDED. I am not a fan of K's, so run them at your own risk because I do not buy K's that often. In my opinion it can take away ground for Neg, so if you do run a K and Neg runs a ground loss argument.. you're are screwed because I will agree with ground loss arguments.
Topicality is fine when needed. If it is being thrown around as a time suck, and if it is pointed out by AFF...I will know, and will not push it through voters on my end. T should be Structured with explicit impacts. Again, run T when it is necessary and show me the ground loss.
I believe in heavy clash, dropped arguments can count against you if they are called out by the other team. Turn impacts when possible. Also, I don't do sheets system, I flow everything horizontally on a flow pad. I am lenient on definitions, if they are contextual and or derived from the dictionary. Partner communication is ok with me but not while your partner is mid-speech (you can pass notes during speech). I value authenticity, so a conversational tone (this doesn't mean slow speaking, IMP/EXT tempo) is the best way to get high speaks with me. I like having fun rounds and not everything has to be political. Humor in debate is a plus. Please time each other and keep each other accountable. Overall just be nice to each other as debaters. ALSO, please call point of orders when necessary.
Just so you know
4 year debate experience
2 year judging experience - Parli, IPDA, LD, and Policy
Brit Williams - HCC
n/a
Chris Miles - KCKCC
TOO LONG DIDNT READ: You do you. If you bring me chai I will give block 30s. If you have questions then ask me.
Theory arguments are boring.
I competed in High School and College policy debate at KCKCC, then competed in NPDA/NPTE national circuit style debate. I have been coaching primarily NPDA/NPTE debate with some NFA at times. Generally familiar with most arguments and analytic arguments. I am uncompelled by many theory arguments and would generally prefer a substance debate than a theory debate (this includes things like tricot and spec especially). I will default to reasonability for many of these arguments.
Christopher Langone - OCC
n/a
Darren Elliott - KCKCC
Darren Elliott "Chief" --Director of Debate and Forensics Kansas City KS Community College
Director and Head Coach at KCKCC for the past two decades. In that time we have had multiple late elim teams at CEDA Nats, multiple teams qualified to the NDT, 2015 NPDA Parli National Champions, 2016 NFA LD National Champion, mulitple CC National Championships in all formats of Debate and some IE's as well. I appreciate the breadth the activity provides and I enjoy coaching, judging hard working students who value the activity.
*PARLI ADDITION--The Aff should have any plan texts, ROTB, ROTJ, Alts, Etc. written on paper prior to the end of the PMC. The Neg should have any counterplan texts, ROTB, ROTJ, Alts, Etc. written on paper prior to the end of the LOC. Debates are routinely spending 3-5 minutes prior to FLEX time after the first two speeches to manage these issues.
Probably the least interventionist judge you will encounter. Will listen to and fairly consider any argument presented. (Avoid obvious racist and sexist arguments and ad Homs). For an argument to be a round winner you need to win the impact the argument has in relation to the impacts your opponent might be winning and how all of those affect/are affected by the ballot or decision (think framework for the debate). No predispositions against any strategy be it a Disad/CP/Case or K or T/Framework on the Neg or a straight up policy or K Aff. Win what it is you do and win why that matters. I actually appreciate a good Disad/CP/Case Offense debate as much as anything (even though the arguments a number of recent KCKCC debaters might lead one to think otherwise). The beauty of debate is its innovation.
I appreciate in-depth arguments and hard work and reward that with speaker points. A debate that begins in the first couple of speeches at a depth that most debates aspire to be by the last two speeches is a work of art and shows dedication and foresight that should be rewarded. Cross-X as well, in this regard, that shows as good or better of an understanding of your opponents arguments as they do will also be rewarded. Cross-X is a lost art.
Most of all--Have Fun and Good Luck!!
David Nadolski - OCC
First of all, I am not a fan of speed. I feel it kills the spirit of debate, has no real world practical purpose, and only exists as a form of gamesmanship. I don't like it.
First of all, I am not a fan of speed. I feel it kills the spirit of debate, has no real world practical purpose, and only exists as a form of gamesmanship. I don't like it.
Also, topicality. I don't love topicality rounds but if it is warranted go all in on it. If it is whining and excessive, you're probably not going to get my ballot. I believe in clash. I believe in being polite and practicing your ability to disagree agreeably.
I expect all competitors to keep track of their own time even though I will be mostly keeping track as well. I just like to be on the same page.
I expect all competitors to keep track of their own time even though I will be mostly keeping track as well. I just like to be on the same page.
Finally, I am absolutely not a fan of critiques. I feel like they are lazy and self absorbed. Thank feel like it goes against clash and the general spirit of debate. So if you run one, expect to not get my ballot but you never know. You'll just have to be really really making a compelling argument.
Davonte Sanders - Noctrl
Davonte Sanders - Noctrl
Davonte Sanders - Noctrl
Emily Ramos - Morton College
n/a
Harry Bodell - NIU
n/a
Jack Shindler - Noctrl
Jim Dittus - ECC
Jim Snyder - COD
n/a
John Stanley - Noctrl
John Nash - MVCC
I typically do not judge NFA-LD or Parli, however, I do teach debate so I know the terminology. Please do not spread any information. I should be able to flow the round easily. Please speak for an audience not a debate judge. I would like any new audience member to clearly understand your flow. I prefer you do not debate word semantics.
IPDA: Just make sure this is not single person parli. Make sure you are not running a pre-prepped case. Make sure you are not using any debate lingo. This should be like two people sitting at a table over a family holiday discussing different sides of an issue. I typically judge on ethos, pathos and logos.
Salutations and previews of ideas (roadmaps) would be timed.
Joshua Green - Prairie State
In terms of debate I'm looking for well evidenced argumentation. Clearly defined adherence to structure and flow. Reasoned logical argumentation. Civility in terms of tone and delivery.
Justin Dougherty - NCC
n/a
Justin Dougherty - NCC
n/a
Kacy Stevens - COD
I will listen to every argument a debater presents. However, as much as I try, I do find it difficult to divorce myself from my knowledge of fallacious argumentation. Thus, I tend to focus on logical links and how they tie back to the weighing mechanism of the round. If there are links to nuclear war or other hyperbolicscenariosthatare easily broken, I am unlikely to vote on such unrealistic impacts, especially if they have been delinked.
IPDA should be dramatically different than parli. When a debater turns an IPDA round into a parli round, I am likely to vote for the OTHER debater in the round. Delivery, organization, and ethos matter significantly more in IPDA than in parli.
I highly value courteous and respectful debate in both parli and IPDA. I believe strongly in the idea that one of the major distinctions between debate argumentation and "verbal fighting" is the high degree of respect debaters show each other in and out of rounds. Ethos has its place in debate and respect to others does impact ethos. I strongly believe in the distinction between fact, value, and policy resolutions. The burdens for each are vastly different and require teams to focus the debate in drastically different ways. I hold true to the idea that setting up a case using the correct resolutional type is a burden of the government team.
In voting in parli, I equally weigh prima facia issues and the weighing mechanism of the round. I expect debaters to impact their arguments directly to the weighing mechanism established in the round. IMPACT, IMPACT, IMPACT
In parli, speed sometimes occurs, but should not be relied upon. I will make it clear when the speed becomes so quick that I can no longer flow the debate by simply putting my pen down. It should be a clear nonverbal indicator to every debater that I am no longer flowing the debate because of speed, and therefore will not vote on the arguments that are not on my flow. However, I will pick back up my pen and continue flowing when the speaking rate becomes reasonable enough to flow.I also believe that speed impacts credibility. While debate relies heavily upon logos, ethos and pathos should not be ignored. Beyond speed, I also highly encourage debaters to use strong organization including, taglines, roman numerals, capital letters, etc. Labeling and numbering arguments is one of the easiest ways to ensure that both teams and the judge(s) are on the same page. Jargon alone does not make an argument; a debater's explanation of the jargon makes an argument. Jargon alone will never be voted on by me. I expect debaters to explain why the jargon is significant to the round and how it should impact my voting. Technicalities can matter but only if the debater(s) impact out why the technical elements have a bearing on the round itself. Procedural arguments are a part of debate for a reason but should not be relied upon solely to win rounds. If procedurals are present, debaters should feel free to run them and IMPACT them, but not force them to work.
Kelly Bressanelli - Noctrl
Kelly Bressanelli - Noctrl
Kelsey Figiel - COD
n/a
Lauren Morgan - COD
The most important criteria for me is good argumentation/persuasion that employs a balance of ethos, logos, pathos appeals with reasoning. Often in debate, I find speakers do not provide sufficient reasoning to support their point. Be sure that you employ solid reasoning. In parli, use of the weighing mechanism is also paramount; if it is the criteria by which you are asking me to judge the debate, then I expect you to use it to show me why your position best fulfills the criteria by which you've asked me to judge the debate.
I expect all debaters to be competent communicators and use decorum. There is no need to devolve into ad hominem attacks, especially when thinly veiled. Both verbal and nonverbal communication matter.
I believe in trichotomy, so not every debate is a policy debate and sheer amount of evidence (cut cards) is not sufficient for me to vote for you. I am not opposed to T arguments, but if it appears you are running it as a matter or protocol or to turn the debate into the one you would like to have rather than the one you've been provided, that will not be in your favor. How you communicate is as important as what you say.
I am not a fan of speed/spread nor overuse of technical elements. Create clash on the topic you've been provided, and debate it.
Madeline Ford - ECC
Matt DuPuis - NIU
n/a
Patrick Carberry - CLC
n/a
Richard Paine - Noctrl
As a competitor, I used the NDT style. As a coach, I have coached NDT-CEDA (for about 10 years), LD (for about 7 years), IPDA (for about 7 years), and Parli (for about 15 years). My philosophy obviously has to shift in various ways depending on the type of debate I'm judging, but here are a few key points that generally apply:
(1) Seek clash. Don't let the debate become two ships passing in the night. If your opponent makes an argument, don't drop it - respond to it directly, and show me why your position directly clashes with and takes out theirs. If your opponent drops an argument of yours, make sure you pull it across and tell me why it matters.
(2) Be organized. Regardless of the format, I want to hear numbers/letters and clear tags that are maintained throughout the debate. Don't just speak in uninterrupted sentences. Give me numbers and tags if you want me to flow the arguments.
(3) Topicality matters to me. The affirmative/government has the initial right to define the terms, but they must be reasonable. Any challenges coming from the other side must be premised on the question of reasonability.
(4) I don't like counterplans. If you feel that you absolutely must run one, you should know that I feel counterplans must be NON-topical.
(5) I'm also not a fan of kritiks. They seldom strike me as the best way to go.
(6) In a policy round, I am a "stock issues" judge.
(7) Don't just make claims. Be sure you support those claims with both logic and concrete evidence whenever possible. Seek to demonstrate the impact of any given argument.
(8) Affirmative plans should be fully developed. It is the initial responsibility of the affirmative to provide all plan components - it is not the responsibility of the negative to seek them through cross-ex.
(9) Cross-ex questions are binding. In formats that allow questions to be asked during speech time, the speaker should take questions QUICKLY. No "I don't have time" or "I'll take it at the end of this (endless) position." If you ignore legal questions for more than a short time, I quit flowing your speech.
(10) Speed should be easily comprehensible and flowable. If I can't get your arguments written down, then I can't base my judgment on them.
(11) Be cordial and polite to your opponents. I appreciate intensity and assertiveness - but please don't cross the line into downright rudeness.
(12) I do not believe that debate is a "tag-team" sport. Thus, debaters should not interrupt their partners' speeches to add information, clarify statements, tell them what to talk about next, answer questions for them, or whatever. Only the person whose official speech time we are in should be talking for your team.
(12) If you have other specific questions, please ask them just before we start debating the round.
(13) Have fun! The whole point of this is to enjoy it as we develop our skills together. Trophies aren't the point - greater skills are.
Shawn Anaya - Noctrl
Tim Anderson - ECC
I am not a debate judge, and when I do judge debate, it is usually IPDA. Because IPDA is "public debate", someone with no debate experience should be able to take part and someone with no judging experience should be able to decide the winner.
IPDA debaters in my rounds should approach the debate as a conversation. Eliminate definition of things that don't really need them (like, we all know what "the Oscar's" are or what a "hamburger" is, so you don't need to define it).
I believe that the use of jargon and debate procedurals should be non-existent. While I have limited debate experience from my time competing and coaching, trying to win a round by trying to prove "my opponent didn't do blah blah so I win" won't win me over. I don't flow your arguments...if they are clear, I should be able to follow. Overall, I view IPDA as the kind of debate I would see in a classroom setting. As opposed to one side trying to prove why the other chose the wrong weighing mechanism, an incorrect definition, etc. just talk like two students in a classroom debate would. Think about it: if you were in a classroom debate and started all in on weighing mechanisms, defining everything, and downing your opponent, you'd be the jerk in class no one wants to work with. Also, don't tell me how I need to vote a round (i.e., "my opponent didn't do x, so you HAVE TO give the round to the affirmative"...No...I don't. The final choice is mine to make, so present your best cases and let me make the final ballot.
I also find IPDA to be more fun and enjoyable when sides actually refute the other and stay "on case" the entire time. Otherwise, it's just two ships passing in the night.
Also, I don't like thank you's at the beginning of rounds. They end up sounding sarcastic. And, don't refer to your opponent as "my opponent". They have a name that is part of their identity...call them that.
I take these same ideas with me when judging any form of debate.
Tommy Lucio - MVCC
n/a
Trent Webb - NCC
n/a
Vance Pierce - UIC
n/a